CVE Feed

    Dashboard / CVE / CVE-2023-25581

    CVE-2023-25581

    pac4j is a security framework for Java. `pac4j-core` prior to version 4.0.0 is affected by a Java deserialization vulnerability. The vulnerability affects systems that store externally controlled values in attributes of the `UserProfile` class from pac4j-core. It can be exploited by providing an attribute that contains a serialized Java object with a special prefix `{#sb64}` and Base64 encoding. This issue may lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE) in the worst case. Although a `RestrictedObjectInputStream` is in place, that puts some restriction on what classes can be deserialized, it still allows a broad range of java packages and potentially exploitable with different gadget chains. pac4j versions 4.0.0 and greater are not affected by this issue. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

    Published:Oct 10, 2024
    Last Modified:Apr 15, 2026
    EPS:Oct 10, 2024
    EPSS Score:0.19032
    CVSS Score:9.2

    Affected Products

    Vendor
    Pac4j
    Product
    Pac4j

    Exploits

    https://github.com/p33d/CVE-2023-25581

    Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

    CAPEC-586 Object Injection

    Related CVEs

    CVE-2026-82465 (CVSS 6.9) — pac4j-saml before 6.5.6 does not require signature validation of SAML LogoutRequest messages in SAML2LogoutVal…
    CVE-2026-82464 (CVSS 5.3) — pac4j-core before 6.5.6 contains an open redirect vulnerability in DefaultLogoutLogic.perform() that accepts b…
    CVE-2026-82463 (CVSS 8.6) — pac4j-core before 6.5.6 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in CheckProfileTypeAuthorizer that rev…
    CVE-2026-82462 (CVSS 6.9) — pac4j-oidc before 6.5.6 accepts OIDC callbacks carrying only an access token without authorization code or ID …
    CVE-2026-82461 (CVSS 8.6) — pac4j-oidc before 6.5.6 fails to verify access token signatures, issuers, audiences, or expiry when extracting…
    CVE-2026-40459 (CVSS 8.7) — PAC4J is vulnerable to LDAP Injection in multiple methods. A low-privileged remote attacker can inject crafted…
    CVE-2026-40458 (CVSS 7) — PAC4J is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). A malicious attacker can craft a specially designed …
    CVE-2026-29000 (CVSS 9.3) — pac4j-jwt versions prior to 4.5.9, 5.7.9, and 6.3.3 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in JwtAuthe…
    CVE-2021-44878 (CVSS 7.5) — If an OpenID Connect provider supports the "none" algorithm (i.e., tokens with no signature), pac4j v5.3.0 (an…
    CVE-2019-10755 (CVSS 4.9) — The SAML identifier generated within SAML2Utils.java was found to make use of the apache commons-lang3 RandomS…

    Common Vulnerability Scoring System

    Attack Vector
    Network
    Adjacent
    Local
    Physical
    Privileges Required
    None
    Low
    High
    User Interaction
    None
    Required
    Scope
    Unchanged
    Changed
    Confidentiality
    None
    Low
    High
    Integrity
    None
    Low
    High
    Availability
    None
    Low
    High