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    CVE-2023-50428

    In Bitcoin Core through 26.0 and Bitcoin Knots before 25.1.knots20231115, datacarrier size limits can be bypassed by obfuscating data as code (e.g., with OP_FALSE OP_IF), as exploited in the wild by Inscriptions in 2022 and 2023. NOTE: although this is a vulnerability from the perspective of the Bitcoin Knots project, some others consider it "not a bug."

    Published:Dec 9, 2023
    Last Modified:Nov 21, 2024
    EPS:Dec 9, 2023
    EPSS Score:0.00037
    CVSS Score:5.3

    Affected Products

    Vendor
    Bitcoin
    Product
    Bitcoin Core
    Vendor
    Bitcoinknots
    Product
    Bitcoin Knots

    Exploits

    No exploit reference

    Common Weakness Enumeration

    No CWE recorded yet

    Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

    No CAPEC recorded yet

    Related CVEs

    CVE-2025-46598 (CVSS 5.3) — Bitcoin Core through 29.0 allows a denial of service via a crafted transaction.…
    CVE-2025-46597 (CVSS 7.5) — Bitcoin Core 0.13.0 through 29.x has an integer overflow.…
    CVE-2025-54604 (CVSS 7.5) — Bitcoin Core through 29.0 allows Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (issue 1 of 2).…
    CVE-2025-54605 (CVSS 7.5) — Bitcoin Core through 29.0 allows Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (issue 2 of 2).…
    CVE-2024-55563 (CVSS 5.3) — Bitcoin Core through 27.2 allows transaction-relay jamming via an off-chain protocol attack, a related issue t…
    CVE-2019-25220 (CVSS 7.5) — Bitcoin Core before 24.0.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via a flood of …
    CVE-2024-52915 (CVSS 7.5) — Bitcoin Core before 0.20.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via a cra…
    CVE-2024-52912 (CVSS 7.5) — Bitcoin Core before 0.21.0 allows a network split that is resultant from an integer overflow (calculating the …
    CVE-2024-52918 (CVSS 6.5) — Bitcoin-Qt in Bitcoin Core before 0.20.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumpt…
    CVE-2024-52913 (CVSS 5.3) — In Bitcoin Core before 0.21.0, an attacker could prevent a node from seeing a specific unconfirmed transaction…

    References

    https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Common_Vulnerabilities_and_Exposures
    https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/65c05db660b2ca1d0076b0d8573a6760b3228068/src/kernel/mempool_options.h#L46-L53
    https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/28408#issuecomment-1844981799
    https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/tags
    https://github.com/bitcoinknots/bitcoin/blob/aed49ce8989334c364a219a6eb016a3897d4e3d7/doc/release-notes.md
    https://twitter.com/LukeDashjr/status/1732204937466032285
    https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Common_Vulnerabilities_and_Exposures
    https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/65c05db660b2ca1d0076b0d8573a6760b3228068/src/kernel/mempool_options.h#L46-L53
    https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/28408#issuecomment-1844981799
    https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/tags
    https://github.com/bitcoinknots/bitcoin/blob/aed49ce8989334c364a219a6eb016a3897d4e3d7/doc/release-notes.md
    https://twitter.com/LukeDashjr/status/1732204937466032285

    Common Vulnerability Scoring System

    Attack Vector
    Network
    Adjacent
    Local
    Physical
    Privileges Required
    None
    Low
    High
    User Interaction
    None
    Required
    Scope
    Unchanged
    Changed
    Confidentiality
    None
    Low
    High
    Integrity
    None
    Low
    High
    Availability
    None
    Low
    High