CVE-2026-106554

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CVE-2026-106554

Summary: jackson-dataformat-cbor: quadratic-time TagList growth on unbounded stacked tags (CPU/GC DoS, PoC)

Details: One CBOR-parsing issue in jackson-dataformats-binary's CBOR module: an unbounded run of CBOR tags drives quadratic-time TagList growth (CPU/GC-exhaustion DoS, PoC-proven). PoC executed against com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-cbor:2.18.2; present in current 2.x and 3.x (tools.jackson.dataformat.cbor) HEAD. Distinct from the Avro and Smile/Protobuf advisories for this repo. Quadratic CPU/GC DoS from an unbounded chain of CBOR tags (PoC-proven). File: cbor/src/main/java/.../cbor/CBORParser.java (tag handling -> TagList). CBOR permits a data item to be preceded by any number of semantic tags. The CBOR parser accumulates them in a TagList whose backing array grows by a fixed increment (+8), not by doubling, and re-scans/copies on each growth. An attacker sends a value preceded by a long run of tag bytes; the fixed-increment growth makes accumulating N tags O(N^2) in time (plus GC pressure), with no cap on the number of stacked tags. PoC (executed, JDK 17): feeding a CBOR stream consisting of a long run of tag bytes (e.g. tag 0xC0+) before a trivial value forces quadratic CPU/GC; parse time grows super-linearly with the tag count, pinning a request thread with no configurable limit. Impact. Algorithmic-complexity denial of service (CWE-407): a modest input of stacked tags consumes quadratic CPU/GC, pinning a request thread; concurrent requests exhaust the pool. Fix. Grow TagList by doubling and/or cap the number of stacked tags (StreamReadConstraints-style).

References: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2, https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/106xxx/CVE-2026-106554.json, https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-dataformats-binary/security/advisories/GHSA-cjg7-h3pr-p927, https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-106554, https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-dataformats-binary