CVE Feed

The WCFM Marketplace WordPress plugin before 3.8.2 does not correctly verify that the person requesting a refund owns the order, allowing unauthenticated users to create refund requests against any guest checkout order on the site.

The Ultimate Member WordPress plugin before 2.13.0 does not validate a submitted role selection when it cannot resolve the set of roles a profile form permits, and screens the value against the site's registered role names rather than against the form's own allow-list, allowing unauthenticated users who register through the Ultimate Member WordPress plugin before 2.13.0's own form to grant themselves arbitrary capabilities and reach administrator-equivalent access.

The shared-files-pro WordPress plugin before 1.7.70 does not validate the file path supplied when creating a featured image, allowing unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files from the server and republish their contents at a public URL.

The User Frontend WordPress plugin before 4.3.10 does not restrict access to its user directory search endpoint, allowing unauthenticated attackers to retrieve the email address and phone number of every registered user, including administrators.

The User Frontend WordPress plugin before 4.3.10 does not properly validate field type definitions and deserialises user-controlled post metadata when rendering submitted posts, allowing users with Editor-level access and above to inject arbitrary PHP objects, which can lead to remote code execution when a suitable POP chain is present on the site.

The Shared Files WordPress plugin before 1.7.67, shared-files-pro WordPress plugin before 1.7.70 do not perform a capability check in their file-upload handler, which is registered for unauthenticated users and protected only by a nonce that is output on public pages, so an unauthenticated visitor can upload files to a publicly accessible directory and read the server's absolute path from the response. Uploads are limited to WordPress's allowed MIME types, so executable PHP cannot be uploaded.

The Shared Files WordPress plugin before 1.7.67, shared-files-pro WordPress plugin before 1.7.68 do not properly sanitize a file path taken from a frontend file submission and their single-pass traversal filter is bypassable, allowing unauthenticated users to store a path that points outside the uploads directory. When the corresponding file entry is later permanently deleted, an arbitrary file on the server (such as wp-config.php) is deleted, leading to denial of service and potential site takeover.

The ElementsKit Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the 's' parameter of the Advanced Search REST endpoint in all versions up to, and including, 4.10.1 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. The REST endpoint at /wp-json/elementskit/v1/advanced-search uses permission_callback set to __return_true, allowing unauthenticated access. Search terms are stored in the ekit_advanced_search_popular_keyword WordPress option via update_option(). While sanitize_text_field() is applied, it does not encode double quotes, and the stored keywords are rendered in HTML attributes via sprintf without esc_attr(), allowing attribute injection. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user triggers the "no results" popular keywords view on pages using the Advanced Search widget.

The Avada (Fusion) Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via 'size' Shortcode Attribute in all versions up to, and including, 3.15.6 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. WordPress's wp_kses_post filter does not neutralize the payload because the injected content resides entirely within a shortcode attribute string containing no HTML angle brackets, causing kses to pass it through unchanged at save time.

The One User Avatar | User Profile Picture plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting in all versions up to, and including, 2.5.4 via the wpua_action_process_option_update function. This is due to insufficient file type validation in wp_handle_upload() called without a MIME allow-list, with post-write validation relying on the attacker-controlled client-supplied Content-Type header rather than a server-derived type, and no cleanup of files that fail the check. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to upload files that may be executable, which makes remote code execution possible. in order to exploit this vulnerability an admin has to give subscribers permission to upload avatars. While PHP files and svg files are rejected, dxfp files are accepted.

The LiteSpeed Cache plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via crafted `<img>` tag attributes in all versions up to, and including, 7.7. This is due to a flawed regular expression that is used to strip `width` and `height` attributes from images when the "Lazy Load Images" and "Add Missing Sizes" features are enabled. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Author-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.

The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution limited to zero-argument function invocation in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.5 via the tutor_course_filter_ajax AJAX action. This is due to missing authorization on the handler combined with unsanitized array keys being passed to extract() inside tutor_load_template(), allowing attacker-controlled POST data to overwrite the local $template variable and, in the resulting templates/single-content-loader.php template, the $method_map and $context variables invoked at $method_map[$context](). This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to call an arbitrary zero-argument PHP function server-side and, via WordPress core edit_user(), to create a persistent subscriber-level account from request parameters.

The Forminator Forms – Contact Form, Payment Form & Custom Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via Rich-Text Textarea Field in all versions up to, and including, 1.57.0.1 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. Exploitation requires that the targeted Textarea field has the Rich-Text editor option enabled.

The LiteSpeed Cache plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via Comment Content in all versions up to, and including, 7.8.1 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. A comment payload crafted exclusively from decimal numeric character references (e.g. &#34;, &#60;, &#62;) placed inside an allowed element such as &lt;code&gt; bypasses WordPress's wp_kses sanitization, as kses does not treat a data-settings="..." substring within text content as an HTML attribute, allowing the malicious payload to reach the vulnerable function. For this to be exploitable, the site must allow users with previously approved comments to write new comments, and the require_name_email setting must be disabled.

Pocket through 8.33.0.0 allows XSS because "Save to Pocket" injects external HTML into the DOM.  JavaScript code can alter the application state via native bridge methods.

The wallabag (aka fr.gaulupeau.apps.InThePoche) application through 2.6.0 for Android allows XSS because /api/entries data is loaded into a WebView.

NUMail developed by Green-Computing has an OS Command Injection vulnerability. Unauthenticated remote attackers can inject arbitrary OS commands and execute them on the server.

wallabag 2 through 2.6.14 allows SSRF because a crafted title or content field is mishandled during PDF export.

The Smart Slider 3 plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via 'slider' Block Attribute in all versions up to, and including, 3.5.1.38 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. The injected scripts execute specifically when a user opens the affected post in the WordPress block editor, making Editors and Administrators the primary targets.

The Optimole – Optimize Images | Convert WebP & AVIF | CDN & Lazy Load | Image Optimization plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the 'a' (above_fold_images) parameter in all versions up to, and including, 4.2.10 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.

The TranslatePress – Translate Multilingual sites with AI Translation plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via Comment Noise-Key Injection into HTML Parser in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.3 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. Exploitation is possible because WordPress's comment KSES allowlist permits the payload structure — an anchor tag with href and title attributes alongside a code tag — causing the malicious comment to be stored verbatim in the database, where it is later processed by the vulnerable parser during page translation.

In openNDS before 11.0.0, the client_params.sh script, invoked by the openNDS daemon to serve the authenticated client status page, is vulnerable to OS command injection through crafted HTTP GET query parameter keys. An authenticated captive portal user can inject arbitrary shell commands by embedding semicolons in a URL query parameter name.

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in openNDS before 11.0.0 that allows an unauthenticated attacker on the captive portal network to crash the openNDS daemon (denial of service) and potentially achieve remote code execution. This is in http_microhttpd.c.

openNDS before 11.0.0 is susceptible to unauthenticated OS command execution via shell command injection through the fas query parameter on the /opennds_preauth/ endpoint because of libopennds.sh.

Multiple memory leaks in openNDS before 11.0.0 allow an unauthenticated attacker on the captive portal network to exhaust all available memory on the device within minutes.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: migrate_device: fix pte_pfn/pte_dirty called on non-present PTE pte_pfn() and pte_dirty() have undefined behaviour when called on a non-present PTE. In migrate_vma_collect_pmd(), these functions may be invoked on non-present entries (e.g., device-private entries), leading to potential crashes from pte_pfn() or incorrect dirty folio accounting from pte_dirty(). Fix both by guarding with pte_present() checks.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Disable xfrm_decode_session hook attachment BPF LSM programs can currently attach to xfrm_decode_session(). That hook may return an error, but security_skb_classify_flow() calls it from a void path and triggers BUG_ON() if an error is returned. Disable BPF attachment to the hook to prevent a BPF LSM program from turning packet classification into a full panic.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_conntrack_expect: use conntrack GC to reap expectations This patch replaces the timer API by GC worker approach for expectations, as it already happened in many other subsystems. Use the existing conntrack GC worker to iterate over the local list of expectations in the master conntrack to reap expired expectations. Check IPS_HELPER_BIT to run GC for expectations, set it on for nft_ct expectation which nevers sets it. Hold the expectation spinlock while iterating over the master conntrack expectation list to synchronize with nf_ct_remove_expectations(). This also performs runtime packet path garbage collection through the expectation insertion and lookup functions while walking over one of the chains of the global expectation hashtables. Unconfirmed conntrack entries are skipped since ct->ext can be reallocated and dying are skipped since those will be gone soon. Set on IPS_HELPER_BIT if the helper ct extension is added, then the new GC worker does not need to bump the ct refcount to check if the ct->ext helper is available. This removes the extra bump on the refcount for expectation timers, this allows to remove several nf_ct_expect_put() calls after the unlink, after this update only refcount remains at 1 while on the expectation hashes. This patch implicitly addresses a race with the existing timer API allowing an expectation to access a stale exp->master pointer which has been already released when expectation removal loses races with an expiring timer, ie. timer_del() reporting false. Add a new NF_CT_EXPECT_DEAD flag to reap this expectation via GC. This is needed by nf_conntrack_unexpect_related() which is called in error paths to invalidate newly created expectations that has been added into the hashes. These expectactions cannot be inmediately released as GC or nf_ct_remove_expectations() could race to make it. On expectation insert, the runtime GC reaps stale expectations before checking the expectation limit set by policy. Set current timestamp in nf_ct_expect_alloc(), then add the expectation policy timeout (or custom timeout specified added on top of this) to specify the expectation lifetime.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: atomisp: gc2235: fix UAF and memory leak gc2235_probe() handles its error paths incorrectly. If media_entity_pads_init() fails, gc2235_remove() is called, which tears down the subdev and frees dev, but then still falls through to atomisp_register_i2c_module(). This results in use-after-free. If atomisp_register_i2c_module() fails, the media entity and control handler are left initialized and dev is leaked. gc2235_remove() unconditionally calls media_entity_cleanup() and v4l2_ctrl_handler_free(), but these are not initialized at every error path in gc2235_probe(). Replace gc2235_remove() calls in the probe error paths with explicit unwind labels that free only the resources initialized at each point of failure, in reverse order of initialization.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: synproxy: fix unaligned memory access in timestamp adjustment Use get_unaligned_be32() and put_unaligned_be32() to safely read and write the timestamp fields. This prevents performance degradation due to unaligned memory access or even a crash on strict alignment architectures. This follows the implementation of timestamp parsing in the networking stack at tcp_parse_options() and synproxy_parse_options().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: flowtable: avoid num_encaps underflow on bridge VLAN untag The DEV_PATH_BR_VLAN_UNTAG case post-decrements info->num_encaps inside WARN_ON_ONCE(). num_encaps is u8, so if it's already 0 the decrement still happens and wraps it to 255. The break only leaves the inner switch -- a later path entry can set info->indev back to a real device, and we end up returning with num_encaps == 255. nft_dev_forward_path() then walks info.encap[] (size 2) up to num_encaps, which means an OOB stack read and a bogus count copied into the route descriptor. Should only happen on a malformed bridge path stack, hence the WARN, but worth handling sanely. Move the decrement out of the WARN. [ While at this, remove the WARN_ON_ONCE since this can only happen with a buggy bridge path stack --pablo ].

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ACPI: processor_idle: Mark LPI enter functions as __cpuidle When function tracing or Kprobes is enabled, entering an ACPI Low Power Idle (LPI) state triggers the following RCU splat: RCU not on for: acpi_idle_lpi_enter+0x4/0xd8 WARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 0 at include/linux/trace_recursion.h:162 function_trace_call+0x1e8/0x228 The acpi_idle_lpi_enter() function is invoked within the cpuidle path after RCU has already been disabled for the current local CPU. Consequently, ftrace's function_trace_call() expects RCU to be actively watching before recording trace data, emitting a warning if it is not. Fix this by annotating acpi_idle_lpi_enter(), the generic __weak stub, and the RISC-V implementation of acpi_processor_ffh_lpi_enter() with __cpuidle. This moves these functions into the '.cpuidle.text' section, implicitly disabling ftrace instrumentation (notrace) along this sensitive path and preventing trace-induced RCU warnings during idle entry.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: perf/x86/amd/lbr: Fix kernel address leakage A user-only branch stack can contain branches that originate from the kernel. As a result, kernel addresses are exposed to user space even when PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_USER is requested. On AMD processors supporting X86_FEATURE_AMD_LBR_V2, perf can still report SYSRET/ERET entries for which the branch-from addresses are in the kernel. E.g. $ perf record -e cycles -o - -j any,save_type,u -- \ perf bench syscall basic --loop 1000 | \ perf script -i - -F brstack|tr ' ' '\n'| \ grep -E '0x[89a-f][0-9a-f]{15}' ... 0xffffffff81001268/0x717a90a38f1a/M/-/-/0/ERET/NON_SPEC_CORRECT_PATH 0xffffffff81001268/0x717a90a39157/M/-/-/0/ERET/NON_SPEC_CORRECT_PATH 0xffffffff81001268/0x717a90a2c628/M/-/-/0/ERET/NON_SPEC_CORRECT_PATH 0xffffffff81001268/0x717a90a41b60/M/-/-/0/ERET/NON_SPEC_CORRECT_PATH 0xffffffff81001268/0x717a90a260db/M/-/-/0/ERET/NON_SPEC_CORRECT_PATH 0xffffffff81001268/0x717a90a260db/M/-/-/0/ERET/NON_SPEC_CORRECT_PATH 0xffffffff81001268/0x717a8bef1c30/M/-/-/0/ERET/NON_SPEC_CORRECT_PATH 0xffffffff81001268/0x717a8e4d3c90/M/-/-/0/ERET/NON_SPEC_CORRECT_PATH ... The reason is that the hardware filter only considers the privilege level applicable to the branch target. Extend software filtering to also validate the branch-from addresses against br_sel, so that any branch record whose branch-from address is in the kernel is dropped when PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_USER is requested.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (sht3x) Fix unaligned accesses Sashiko reports: In sht3x_update_client(), the 16-bit temperature and humidity values are extracted from a stack-allocated byte array using be16_to_cpup(). The pointers passed to this function are calculated as buf and buf + 3. Since the difference between the two pointers is an odd number of bytes, at least one of them is guaranteed to be at an unaligned offset. This will trigger an alignment fault on strict-alignment architectures such as ARMv5 or SPARC, resulting in a kernel panic. Fix the problem by using get_unaligned_be16() instead of be16_to_cpup(), and put_unaligned_be16() instead of cpu_to_be16().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: hisi_sas: Add slave_destroy interface for v3 hw WARNING is triggered when executing link reset of remote PHY and rmmod SAS driver simultaneously. Following is the WARNING log: WARNING: CPU: 61 PID: 21818 at drivers/base/core.c:1347 __device_links_no_driver+0xb4/0xc0 Call trace: __device_links_no_driver+0xb4/0xc0 device_links_driver_cleanup+0xb0/0xfc __device_release_driver+0x198/0x23c device_release_driver+0x38/0x50 bus_remove_device+0x130/0x140 device_del+0x184/0x434 __scsi_remove_device+0x118/0x150 scsi_remove_target+0x1bc/0x240 sas_rphy_remove+0x90/0x94 sas_rphy_delete+0x24/0x3c sas_destruct_devices+0x64/0xa0 [libsas] sas_revalidate_domain+0xe4/0x150 [libsas] process_one_work+0x1e0/0x46c worker_thread+0x15c/0x464 kthread+0x160/0x170 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 ---[ end trace 71e059eb58f85d4a ]--- During SAS phy up, link->status is set to DL_STATE_AVAILABLE in device_links_driver_bound, then this setting influences __device_links_no_driver() before driver rmmod and caused WARNING. Add the slave_destroy interface to make sure link is removed after flush workque.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: idpf: bound interrupt-vector register fill to the allocated array idpf_get_reg_intr_vecs() fills the caller-allocated reg_vals[] array from the VIRTCHNL2_OP_ALLOC_VECTORS reply in adapter->req_vec_chunks, bounding its inner loop only by the per-chunk num_vectors. The array is sized separately: idpf_intr_reg_init() allocates kzalloc_objs(struct idpf_vec_regs, total_vecs) from caps.num_allocated_vectors and only checks the returned count after the fill. The sum of per-chunk num_vectors is never reconciled against total_vecs, so a reply with a small num_allocated_vectors but chunks summing higher writes past the end of reg_vals[]. Impact: a control plane (a PF or hypervisor device model) that returns a VIRTCHNL2_OP_ALLOC_VECTORS reply whose per-chunk num_vectors sum exceeds num_allocated_vectors writes struct idpf_vec_regs entries past the end of the reg_vals kmalloc allocation (KASAN slab-out-of-bounds write). Bound the fill loop to the array capacity passed in by the callers, mirroring the sibling idpf_vport_get_q_reg(). The existing num_regs < num_vecs check then rejects an undersized reply without the out-of-bounds write happening first.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing/probes: Remove WARN_ON_ONCE from parse_btf_arg Sashiko found that user can cause this WARN_ON_ONCE() easily with adding a kprobe event based on a raw address with BTF parameter. Since this is not an unexpected condition, remove the WARN_ON_ONCE().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: validate individual TWT params before driver setup ieee80211_process_rx_twt_action() only partially validates a received S1G TWT setup frame before queueing it. An individual agreement can therefore reach ieee80211_s1g_rx_twt_setup() with twt->length too short for the full struct ieee80211_twt_params. The individual path passes twt to drv_add_twt_setup(). Both the tracepoint and the driver callback consume the complete parameters block, not merely req_type. Do not pass a short individual agreement to the driver. Broadcast agreements remain unchanged because they are rejected locally after accessing only req_type. [edit commit message to not overclaim lack of validation nor understate driver impact]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: ISO: ensure no dangling hcon references in iso_conn After iso_conn_del(), ISO sockets should not dereference the hcon any more. Currently, clearing iso_conn::hcon relies on iso_conn_del() releasing the last reference to the iso_conn. Simplify this by explicitly clearing conn->hcon in iso_conn_del(), to avoid more complex reasoning on races about who holds the last reference.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sctp: validate Adaptation Indication parameter length The Adaptation Layer Indication parameter contains a fixed 32-bit Adaptation Code Point after its parameter header. However, sctp_verify_param() accepts a header-only parameter because the generic parameter walker only requires the header to be present. sctp_process_param() then reads adaptation_ind beyond the declared parameter. When the malformed parameter is last in an INIT, the read starts at the receive skb tail, and the value is copied into the state cookie returned in the INIT ACK. This may disclose four receive-buffer tail bytes. Require the declared parameter length to match the fixed structure size and abort the association through the existing invalid parameter length path otherwise.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: j1939: transport: j1939_session_fresh_new(): initialize receive buffer Zero the allocated buffer in j1939_session_fresh_new() to ensure it contains no residual data. While there is a potential performance impact if users allocate maximum sized ETP buffers, most real-world use cases are not noticeably affected since the maximum known buffer size is typically around 65K. [mkl: add Message-ID]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: softing: fw_parse(): validate firmware record spans fw_parse() reads a fixed record header, a firmware-provided payload, and a trailing checksum without knowing the end of the firmware blob. A truncated record can therefore make those reads exceed the blob. The same record also supplies addresses and lengths for writes into DPRAM. The generic loader uses wrap-prone mixed signed arithmetic for its bounds check, while the application loader does not bound the staging copy at all. Pass the firmware end to the parser and validate the full source record. Use a signed wide offset for generic DPRAM records and validate the application staging span against the mapped DPRAM before copying.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vxlan: re-fetch eth header after route_shortcircuit() Before route_shortcircuit(), the eth header pointer is cached from eth_hdr(skb). Inside route_shortcircuit(), pskb_may_pull() can be called, which may reallocate skb->head. In this case, returning to vxlan_xmit() leaves the cached eth pointer pointing to freed memory, leading to a use-after-free when dereferencing eth->h_dest. Fix this by updating eth = eth_hdr(skb) after calling route_shortcircuit().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: driver core: use READ_ONCE() for dev->driver in dev_has_sync_state() dev_has_sync_state() reads dev->driver twice without holding device_lock() -- once for the NULL check and once to dereference ->sync_state. Some callers only hold device_links_write_lock, which doesn't prevent a concurrent unbind from clearing dev->driver via device_unbind_cleanup(). Fix it by reading dev->driver exactly once with READ_ONCE(), pairing with the WRITE_ONCE() in device_set_driver().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: core: Fix OOB read in hid_get_report for numbered reports When a caller passes a size of 0 to hid_report_raw_event() for a numbered report, the function originally called hid_get_report() before performing any size validation. Inside hid_get_report(), if the report is numbered (report_enum->numbered is true), it unconditionally dereferences data[0] to extract the report ID. With a size of 0, this results in an out-of-bounds read or kernel panic. Fix this by moving the numbered report size validation check before the call to hid_get_report(), ensuring that size is at least 1 before dereferencing the data pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_conntrack_irc: fix parse_dcc() off-by-one OOB read parse_dcc() treats data_end as an inclusive end pointer, but its only caller passes data_limit = ib_ptr + datalen, which points one past the last valid byte. The newline search loop iterates while tmp <= data_end, so when no newline is present, *tmp is read at tmp == data_end, one byte beyond the region filled by skb_header_pointer(). irc_buffer is kmalloc'd as MAX_SEARCH_SIZE + 1 bytes and datalen is capped at MAX_SEARCH_SIZE, so the stray read does not fault. The byte is uninitialized or stale; if it contains an ASCII digit, simple_strtoul will consume it and produce a wrong DCC IP or port in the conntrack expectation. The extra allocation byte is also a fragile guard: if the cap or allocation size changes, this becomes a real out-of-bounds read. Change the loop and its post-loop check to use strict less-than, consistent with the caller's exclusive-end convention. Update the function comment accordingly.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ntfs3: fix out-of-bounds read in decompress_lznt decompress_lznt() does not validate array index bounds before accessing the decompression table. A corrupted NTFS3 image with invalid compressed data can trigger an out-of-bounds read. Add index bounds checking to prevent the OOB access.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (asus_atk0110) Check package count before accessing element atk_ec_present() walks the management group package returned by the GGRP ACPI method and, for each sub-package, reads its first element: id = &obj->package.elements[0]; if (id->type != ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER) without checking that the sub-package is non-empty. ACPICA allocates the element array with exactly package.count entries, so for a sub-package with a zero count this reads past the allocation. The sibling function atk_debugfs_ggrp_open() performs the same access but skips empty packages with a package.count check first. Add the same check to atk_ec_present() so a malformed firmware package cannot trigger an out-of-bounds read.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_sync: hold conn in hci_connect_acl/le_sync() callbacks There is theoretical UAF if the conn is freed while the hci_sync task is running. Hold refcount to avoid that.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: soc: xilinx: Fix race condition in event registration The zynqmp_power driver registers handlers for suspend and subsystem restart events using register_event(). However, the work structures (zynqmp_pm_init_suspend_work and zynqmp_pm_init_restart_work) used by these handlers were allocated and initialized after the registration call. This created a race window where, if the firmware triggered an event immediately after registration but before allocation, the callback (suspend_event_callback or subsystem_restart_event_callback) would dereference a NULL pointer in work_pending(), leading to a crash. Fix this by allocating and initializing the work structures before registering the events.