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    CVE-2016-2181

    The Anti-Replay feature in the DTLS implementation in OpenSSL before 1.1.0 mishandles early use of a new epoch number in conjunction with a large sequence number, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (false-positive packet drops) via spoofed DTLS records, related to rec_layer_d1.c and ssl3_record.c.

    Published:Jul 5, 2016
    Last Modified:Apr 12, 2025
    EPS:Sep 16, 2016
    EPSS Score:0.18201
    CVSS Score:7.5

    Affected Products

    Vendor
    Openssl
    Product
    Openssl
    Vendor
    Oracle
    Product
    Linux
    Vendor
    Redhat
    Product
    Enterprise Linux

    Exploits

    No exploit reference

    Common Weakness Enumeration

    CWE-20 Improper Input Validation

    Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

    CAPEC-10 Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
    CAPEC-101 Server Side Include (SSI) Injection
    CAPEC-104 Cross Zone Scripting
    CAPEC-108 Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
    CAPEC-109 Object Relational Mapping Injection
    CAPEC-110 SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter Tampering
    CAPEC-120 Double Encoding
    CAPEC-13 Subverting Environment Variable Values
    CAPEC-135 Format String Injection
    CAPEC-136 LDAP Injection
    CAPEC-14 Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow
    CAPEC-153 Input Data Manipulation
    CAPEC-182 Flash Injection
    CAPEC-209 XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch
    CAPEC-22 Exploiting Trust in Client
    CAPEC-23 File Content Injection
    CAPEC-230 Serialized Data with Nested Payloads
    CAPEC-231 Oversized Serialized Data Payloads
    CAPEC-24 Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow
    CAPEC-250 XML Injection
    CAPEC-261 Fuzzing for garnering other adjacent user/sensitive data
    CAPEC-267 Leverage Alternate Encoding
    CAPEC-28 Fuzzing
    CAPEC-3 Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters
    CAPEC-31 Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
    CAPEC-42 MIME Conversion
    CAPEC-43 Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
    CAPEC-45 Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
    CAPEC-46 Overflow Variables and Tags
    CAPEC-47 Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion
    CAPEC-473 Signature Spoof
    CAPEC-52 Embedding NULL Bytes
    CAPEC-53 Postfix, Null Terminate, and Backslash
    CAPEC-588 DOM-Based XSS
    CAPEC-63 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
    CAPEC-64 Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
    CAPEC-664 Server Side Request Forgery
    CAPEC-67 String Format Overflow in syslog()
    CAPEC-7 Blind SQL Injection
    CAPEC-71 Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic
    CAPEC-72 URL Encoding
    CAPEC-73 User-Controlled Filename
    CAPEC-78 Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding
    CAPEC-79 Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding
    CAPEC-8 Buffer Overflow in an API Call
    CAPEC-80 Using UTF-8 Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic
    CAPEC-81 Web Server Logs Tampering
    CAPEC-83 XPath Injection
    CAPEC-85 AJAX Footprinting
    CAPEC-88 OS Command Injection
    CAPEC-9 Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities

    Related CVEs

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    CVE-2026-63075 (CVSS 7.5) — Issue summary: When OpenSSL processes QUIC traffic from a peer that repeatedly sends ack-eliciting packets whi…
    CVE-2026-63072 (CVSS 7.5) — Issue summary: OpenSSL CMS decryption sizes the key-unwrap output buffer based on querying the unwrapped key s…
    CVE-2026-54874 (CVSS 7.5) — Issue summary: Receiving a DTLS record for a future epoch while a handshake is in progress causes OpenSSL to b…
    CVE-2026-14457 (CVSS 7.5) — Issue summary: In a server or client configuration with RFC7250 Raw Public Keys (RPKs) enabled, and only the p…
    CVE-2026-63076 (CVSS 7.5) — Issue summary: OpenSSL CMP password based protection verification only checks whether the protectionAlg parame…
    CVE-2026-63074 (CVSS 5.9) — Issue summary: The OpenSSL Certificate Management Protocol (CMP) caches additional certificates (extraCerts) s…
    CVE-2026-63073 (CVSS 9.8) — Issue summary: OpenSSL CMP response validation passed an unexpected response sender distinguished name directl…
    CVE-2026-18798 (CVSS 7.5) — Issue summary: QUIC server may double free QRX (QUIC record layer RX) object when channel creation fails for i…
    CVE-2026-14456 (CVSS 7.5) — Issue summary: When an OpenSSL QUIC server (Listener SSL object) processes valid QUIC Initial packets for unkn…

    References

    http://kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10759
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-09/msg00022.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-09/msg00023.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-09/msg00024.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-09/msg00031.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00005.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00011.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00012.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00029.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2017-10/msg00010.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2017-10/msg00011.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-02/msg00032.html
    http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1940.html
    http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Jul/31
    http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21995039
    http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3673
    http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20170322-01-openssl-en
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2018-3678067.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2018-3236628.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2017-3236622.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2016-2881722.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2017-3236626.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinoct2016-3090545.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/ovmbulletinoct2016-3090547.html
    http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92982
    http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036690
    http://www.splunk.com/view/SP-CAAAPSV
    http://www.splunk.com/view/SP-CAAAPUE
    http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3087-1
    http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3087-2
    https://bto.bluecoat.com/security-advisory/sa132
    https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-412672.pdf
    https://git.openssl.org/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=1fb9fdc3027b27d8eb6a1e6a846435b070980770
    https://kb.pulsesecure.net/articles/Pulse_Security_Advisories/SA40312
    https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content&id=SB10215
    https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl.asc
    https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K59298921
    https://www.arista.com/en/support/advisories-notices/security-advisories/1749-security-advisory-24
    https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-16
    https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-20
    https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-21
    http://kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10759
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-09/msg00022.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-09/msg00023.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-09/msg00024.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-09/msg00031.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00005.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00011.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00012.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00029.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2017-10/msg00010.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2017-10/msg00011.html
    http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-02/msg00032.html
    http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1940.html
    http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Jul/31
    http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21995039
    http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3673
    http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20170322-01-openssl-en
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2018-3678067.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2018-3236628.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2017-3236622.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2016-2881722.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2017-3236626.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinoct2016-3090545.html
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/ovmbulletinoct2016-3090547.html
    http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92982
    http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036690
    http://www.splunk.com/view/SP-CAAAPSV
    http://www.splunk.com/view/SP-CAAAPUE
    http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3087-1
    http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3087-2
    https://bto.bluecoat.com/security-advisory/sa132
    https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-412672.pdf
    https://git.openssl.org/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=1fb9fdc3027b27d8eb6a1e6a846435b070980770
    https://kb.pulsesecure.net/articles/Pulse_Security_Advisories/SA40312
    https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content&id=SB10215
    https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl.asc
    https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K59298921
    https://www.arista.com/en/support/advisories-notices/security-advisories/1749-security-advisory-24
    https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-16
    https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-20
    https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-21

    Common Vulnerability Scoring System

    Attack Vector
    Network
    Adjacent
    Local
    Physical
    Privileges Required
    None
    Low
    High
    User Interaction
    None
    Required
    Scope
    Unchanged
    Changed
    Confidentiality
    None
    Low
    High
    Integrity
    None
    Low
    High
    Availability
    None
    Low
    High