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    CVE-2026-28797

    RAGFlow is an open-source RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) engine. In versions 0.24.0 and prior, a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in RAGFlow's Agent workflow Text Processing (StringTransform) and Message components. These components use Python's jinja2.Template (unsandboxed) to render user-supplied templates, allowing any authenticated user to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the server. At time of publication, there are no publicly available patches.

    Published:Apr 3, 2026
    Last Modified:Apr 22, 2026
    EPS:Apr 3, 2026
    EPSS Score:0.00078
    CVSS Score:8.8

    Affected Products

    Vendor
    Infiniflow
    Product
    Ragflow

    Exploits

    https://github.com/infiniflow/ragflow/security/advisories/GHSA-vvwj-fvwh-4whxhttps://github.com/qianlijaingshan/ragflow-audit

    Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

    CAPEC-10 Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
    CAPEC-101 Server Side Include (SSI) Injection
    CAPEC-104 Cross Zone Scripting
    CAPEC-108 Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
    CAPEC-109 Object Relational Mapping Injection
    CAPEC-110 SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter Tampering
    CAPEC-120 Double Encoding
    CAPEC-13 Subverting Environment Variable Values
    CAPEC-135 Format String Injection
    CAPEC-136 LDAP Injection
    CAPEC-14 Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow
    CAPEC-15 Command Delimiters
    CAPEC-153 Input Data Manipulation
    CAPEC-182 Flash Injection
    CAPEC-209 XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch
    CAPEC-22 Exploiting Trust in Client
    CAPEC-23 File Content Injection
    CAPEC-230 Serialized Data with Nested Payloads
    CAPEC-231 Oversized Serialized Data Payloads
    CAPEC-24 Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow
    CAPEC-242 Code Injection
    CAPEC-250 XML Injection
    CAPEC-261 Fuzzing for garnering other adjacent user/sensitive data
    CAPEC-267 Leverage Alternate Encoding
    CAPEC-28 Fuzzing
    CAPEC-3 Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters
    CAPEC-31 Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
    CAPEC-35 Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
    CAPEC-42 MIME Conversion
    CAPEC-43 Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
    CAPEC-45 Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
    CAPEC-46 Overflow Variables and Tags
    CAPEC-47 Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion
    CAPEC-473 Signature Spoof
    CAPEC-52 Embedding NULL Bytes
    CAPEC-53 Postfix, Null Terminate, and Backslash
    CAPEC-588 DOM-Based XSS
    CAPEC-6 Argument Injection
    CAPEC-63 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
    CAPEC-64 Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
    CAPEC-664 Server Side Request Forgery
    CAPEC-67 String Format Overflow in syslog()
    CAPEC-7 Blind SQL Injection
    CAPEC-71 Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic
    CAPEC-72 URL Encoding
    CAPEC-73 User-Controlled Filename
    CAPEC-77 Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
    CAPEC-78 Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding
    CAPEC-79 Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding
    CAPEC-8 Buffer Overflow in an API Call
    CAPEC-80 Using UTF-8 Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic
    CAPEC-81 Web Server Logs Tampering
    CAPEC-83 XPath Injection
    CAPEC-85 AJAX Footprinting
    CAPEC-88 OS Command Injection
    CAPEC-9 Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities

    Related CVEs

    CVE-2026-75898 (CVSS 8.4) — RAGFlow before 0.26.3 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the agent workflow "Invoke" comp…
    CVE-2026-58579 (CVSS 5.1) — RAGFlow before 0.26.3 stores an agent pipeline (DSL) node name without sanitization: the agent update endpoint…
    CVE-2026-45312 (CVSS 9.9) — RAGFlow is an open-source RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) engine. In 0.24.0 and earlier, a Jinja2 templat…
    CVE-2026-24770 (CVSS 9.8) — RAGFlow is an open-source RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) engine. In version 0.23.1 and possibly earlier …
    CVE-2025-69286 (CVSS 8.9) — RAGFlow is an open-source RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) engine. In versions prior to 0.22.0, the use of…
    CVE-2025-68700 (CVSS 8.6) — RAGFlow is an open-source RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) engine. In versions prior to 0.23.0, a low-priv…
    CVE-2025-51462 (CVSS 6.1) — Stored Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in api.apps.dialog_app.set_dialog in RAGFlow 0.17.2 allows rem…
    CVE-2025-48187 (CVSS 9.1) — RAGFlow through 0.18.1 allows account takeover because it is possible to conduct successful brute-force attack…
    CVE-2024-12869 (CVSS 4.3) — In infiniflow/ragflow version v0.12.0, there is an improper authentication vulnerability that allows a user to…
    CVE-2024-12870 (CVSS 5.4) — A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in infiniflow/ragflow, affecting the latest commit on…

    Common Vulnerability Scoring System

    Attack Vector
    Network
    Adjacent
    Local
    Physical
    Privileges Required
    None
    Low
    High
    User Interaction
    None
    Required
    Scope
    Unchanged
    Changed
    Confidentiality
    None
    Low
    High
    Integrity
    None
    Low
    High
    Availability
    None
    Low
    High