9.4
    Critical

    CVE-2025-62593

    Last Modified: 17 Aug 2026

    Ray is an AI compute engine. Prior to version 2.52.0, developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari. This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the User-Agent header starting with the string "Mozilla" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the User-Agent header to be modified. Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement (malvertising). This issue has been patched in version 2.52.0.

    Published:26 Nov 2025
    8.1
    High

    CVE-2025-62518

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    astral-tokio-tar is a tar archive reading/writing library for async Rust. Versions of astral-tokio-tar prior to 0.5.6 contain a boundary parsing vulnerability that allows attackers to smuggle additional archive entries by exploiting inconsistent PAX/ustar header handling. When processing archives with PAX-extended headers containing size overrides, the parser incorrectly advances stream position based on ustar header size (often zero) instead of the PAX-specified size, causing it to interpret file content as legitimate tar headers. This issue has been patched in version 0.5.6. There are no workarounds.

    Published:21 Oct 2025
    7.7
    High

    CVE-2025-62507

    Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026

    Redis is an open source, in-memory database that persists on disk. In versions 8.2.0 and above, a user can run the XACKDEL command with multiple ID's and trigger a stack buffer overflow, which may potentially lead to remote code execution. This issue is fixed in version 8.2.3. To workaround this issue without patching the redis-server executable is to prevent users from executing XACKDEL operation. This can be done using ACL to restrict XACKDEL command.

    Published:4 Nov 2025
    8.1
    High

    CVE-2025-62506

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    MinIO is a high-performance object storage system. In all versions prior to RELEASE.2025-10-15T17-29-55Z, a privilege escalation vulnerability allows service accounts and STS (Security Token Service) accounts with restricted session policies to bypass their inline policy restrictions when performing operations on their own account, specifically when creating new service accounts for the same user. The vulnerability exists in the IAM policy validation logic where the code incorrectly relied on the DenyOnly argument when validating session policies for restricted accounts. When a session policy is present, the system should validate that the action is allowed by the session policy, not just that it is not denied. An attacker with valid credentials for a restricted service or STS account can create a new service account for itself without policy restrictions, resulting in a new service account with full parent privileges instead of being restricted by the inline policy. This allows the attacker to access buckets and objects beyond their intended restrictions and modify, delete, or create objects outside their authorized scope. The vulnerability is fixed in version RELEASE.2025-10-15T17-29-55Z.

    Published:16 Oct 2025
    9.8
    Critical

    CVE-2025-62481

    Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026

    Vulnerability in the Oracle Marketing product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Marketing Administration). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.14. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Marketing. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Marketing. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

    Published:21 Oct 2025
    7.8
    High

    CVE-2025-62470

    Last Modified: 20 Apr 2026

    Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Common Log File System Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

    Published:9 Dec 2025
    7.8
    High

    CVE-2025-62454

    Last Modified: 20 Apr 2026

    Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

    Published:9 Dec 2025
    7.2
    High

    CVE-2025-62429

    Last Modified: 10 Nov 2025

    ClipBucket v5 is an open source video sharing platform. Prior to version 5.5.2 #147, ClipBucket v5 is vulnerable to arbitrary PHP code execution. In /upload/admin_area/actions/update_launch.php, the "type" parameter from a POST request is embedded into PHP tags and executed. Proper sanitization is not performed, and by injecting malicious code an attacker can execute arbitrary PHP code. This allows an attacker to achieve RCE. This issue has been resolved in version 5.5.2 #147.

    Published:20 Oct 2025
    9.4
    Critical

    CVE-2025-62410

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    In versions before 20.0.2, it was found that --disallow-code-generation-from-strings is not sufficient for isolating untrusted JavaScript in happy-dom. The untrusted script and the rest of the application still run in the same Isolate/process, so attackers can deploy prototype pollution payloads to hijack important references like "process" in the example below, or to hijack control flow via flipping checks of undefined property. This vulnerability is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2025-61927. The vulnerability is fixed in 20.0.2.

    Published:15 Oct 2025
    9.5
    Critical

    CVE-2025-62376

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    pwn.college DOJO is an education platform for learning cybersecurity. Prior to commit 467db0b9ea0d9a929dc89b41f6eb59f7cfc68bef, the /workspace endpoint contains an improper authentication vulnerability that allows an attacker to access any active Windows VM without proper authorization. The vulnerability occurs in the view_desktop function where the user is retrieved via a URL parameter without verifying that the requester has administrative privileges. An attacker can supply any user ID and arbitrary password in the request parameters to impersonate another user. When requesting a Windows desktop service, the function does not validate the supplied password before generating access credentials, allowing the attacker to obtain an iframe source URL that grants full access to the target user's Windows VM. This impacts all users with active Windows VMs, as an attacker can access and modify data on the Windows machine and in the home directory of the associated Linux machine via the Z: drive. This issue has been patched in commit 467db0b9ea0d9a929dc89b41f6eb59f7cfc68bef. No known workarounds exist.

    Published:14 Oct 2025
    7.2
    High

    CVE-2025-62369

    Last Modified: 8 Dec 2025

    Xibo is an open source digital signage platform with a web content management system (CMS). Versions 4.3.0 and below contain a Remote Code Execution vulnerability in the CMS Developer menu's Module Templating functionality, allowing authenticated users with "System -> Add/Edit custom modules and templates" permissions to manipulate Twig filters and execute arbitrary server-side functions as the web server user. This issue is fixed in version 4.3.1. To workaround this issue, use the 4.1 and 4.2 patch commits.

    Published:4 Nov 2025
    9.4
    Critical

    CVE-2025-62360

    Last Modified: 3 Mar 2026

    WeGIA is an open source Web Manager for Institutions with a focus on Portuguese language users.Prior to 3.5.1, a SQL Injection vulnerability was identified in the /html/funcionario/dependente_documento.php endpoint, specifically in the id_dependente parameter. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands, compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the database. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.5.1.

    Source:onurdemir
    Published:13 Oct 2025
    8.8
    High

    CVE-2025-62222

    Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026

    Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Visual Studio Code CoPilot Chat Extension allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

    Published:11 Nov 2025
    7.8
    High

    CVE-2025-62221

    Last Modified: 20 Apr 2026

    Use after free in Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

    Published:9 Dec 2025
    7
    High

    CVE-2025-62215

    Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026

    Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

    Published:11 Nov 2025
    10
    Critical

    CVE-2025-62168

    Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026

    Squid is a caching proxy for the Web. In Squid versions prior to 7.2, a failure to redact HTTP authentication credentials in error handling allows information disclosure. The vulnerability allows a script to bypass browser security protections and learn the credentials a trusted client uses to authenticate. This potentially allows a remote client to identify security tokens or credentials used internally by a web application using Squid for backend load balancing. These attacks do not require Squid to be configured with HTTP authentication. The vulnerability is fixed in version 7.2. As a workaround, disable debug information in administrator mailto links generated by Squid by configuring squid.conf with email_err_data off.

    Published:17 Oct 2025
    3.6
    Low

    CVE-2025-61984

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    ssh in OpenSSH before 10.1 allows control characters in usernames that originate from certain possibly untrusted sources, potentially leading to code execution when a ProxyCommand is used. The untrusted sources are the command line and %-sequence expansion of a configuration file. (A configuration file that provides a complete literal username is not categorized as an untrusted source.)

    Published:6 Oct 2025
    9.3
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61932

    Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026

    Lanscope Endpoint Manager (On-Premises) (Client program (MR) and Detection agent (DA)) improperly verifies the origin of incoming requests, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code by sending specially crafted packets.

    Published:20 Oct 2025
    9.1
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61922

    Last Modified: 29 Dec 2025

    PrestaShop Checkout is the PrestaShop official payment module in partnership with PayPal. Starting in version 1.3.0 and prior to versions 4.4.1 and 5.0.5, missing validation on the Express Checkout feature allows silent login, enabling account takeover via email. The vulnerability is fixed in versions 4.4.1 and 5.0.5. No known workarounds exist.

    Published:16 Oct 2025
    7.5
    High

    CVE-2025-61884

    Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026

    Vulnerability in the Oracle Configurator product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Runtime UI). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.14. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Configurator. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Configurator accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

    Published:12 Oct 2025
    9.8
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61882

    Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026

    Vulnerability in the Oracle Concurrent Processing product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: BI Publisher Integration). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.14. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Concurrent Processing. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Concurrent Processing. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

    Published:5 Oct 2025
    9.4
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61777

    Last Modified: 28 Jan 2026

    Flag Forge is a Capture The Flag (CTF) platform. Starting in version 2.0.0 and prior to version 2.3.2, the `/api/admin/badge-templates` (GET) and `/api/admin/badge-templates/create` (POST) endpoints previously allowed access without authentication or authorization. This could have enabled unauthorized users to retrieve all badge templates and sensitive metadata (createdBy, createdAt, updatedAt) and/or create arbitrary badge templates in the database. This could lead to data exposure, database pollution, or abuse of the badge system. The issue has been fixed in FlagForge v2.3.2. GET, POST, UPDATE, and DELETE endpoints now require authentication. Authorization checks ensure only admins can access and modify badge templates. No reliable workarounds are available.

    Published:6 Oct 2025
    6.4
    Medium

    CVE-2025-61765

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    python-socketio is a Python implementation of the Socket.IO realtime client and server. A remote code execution vulnerability in python-socketio versions prior to 5.14.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary Python code through malicious pickle deserialization in multi-server deployments on which the attacker previously gained access to the message queue that the servers use for internal communications. When Socket.IO servers are configured to use a message queue backend such as Redis for inter-server communication, messages sent between the servers are encoded using the `pickle` Python module. When a server receives one of these messages through the message queue, it assumes it is trusted and immediately deserializes it. The vulnerability stems from deserialization of messages using Python's `pickle.loads()` function. Having previously obtained access to the message queue, the attacker can send a python-socketio server a crafted pickle payload that executes arbitrary code during deserialization via Python's `__reduce__` method. This vulnerability only affects deployments with a compromised message queue. The attack can lead to the attacker executing random code in the context of, and with the privileges of a Socket.IO server process. Single-server systems that do not use a message queue, and multi-server systems with a secure message queue are not vulnerable. In addition to making sure standard security practices are followed in the deployment of the message queue, users of the python-socketio package can upgrade to version 5.14.0 or newer, which remove the `pickle` module and use the much safer JSON encoding for inter-server messaging.

    Published:6 Oct 2025
    9.8
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61757

    Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026

    Vulnerability in the Identity Manager product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: REST WebServices). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Identity Manager. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Identity Manager. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

    Published:21 Oct 2025
    9.1
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61686

    Last Modified: 3 Mar 2026

    React Router is a router for React. In @react-router/node versions 7.0.0 through 7.9.3, @remix-run/deno prior to version 2.17.2, and @remix-run/node prior to version 2.17.2, if createFileSessionStorage() is being used from @react-router/node (or @remix-run/node/@remix-run/deno in Remix v2) with an unsigned cookie, it is possible for an attacker to cause the session to try to read/write from a location outside the specified session file directory. The success of the attack would depend on the permissions of the web server process to access those files. Read files cannot be returned directly to the attacker. Session file reads would only succeed if the file matched the expected session file format. If the file matched the session file format, the data would be populated into the server side session but not directly returned to the attacker unless the application logic returned specific session information. This issue has been patched in @react-router/node version 7.9.4, @remix-run/deno version 2.17.2, and @remix-run/node version 2.17.2.

    Published:10 Jan 2026
    8.6
    High

    CVE-2025-61675

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    FreePBX Endpoint Manager is a module for managing telephony endpoints in FreePBX systems. In versions prior to 16.0.92 for FreePBX 16 and versions prior to 17.0.6 for FreePBX 17, the Endpoint Manager module contains authenticated SQL injection vulnerabilities affecting multiple parameters in the basestation, model, firmware, and custom extension configuration functionality areas. Authentication with a known username is required to exploit these vulnerabilities. Successful exploitation allows authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL queries against the database, potentially enabling access to sensitive data or modification of database contents. This issue has been patched in version 16.0.92 for FreePBX 16 and version 17.0.6 for FreePBX 17.

    Published:14 Oct 2025
    4.8
    Medium

    CVE-2025-61638

    Last Modified: 16 Mar 2026

    Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Wikimedia Foundation MediaWiki, Wikimedia Foundation Parsoid. This vulnerability is associated with program files includes/parser/Sanitizer.Php, src/Core/Sanitizer.Php. This issue affects MediaWiki: from * before 1.39.14, 1.43.4, 1.44.1; Parsoid: from * before 0.16.6, 0.20.4, 0.21.1.

    Published:2 Feb 2026
    9.8
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61622

    Last Modified: 3 Dec 2025

    Deserialization of untrusted data in python in pyfory versions 0.12.0 through 0.12.2, or the legacy pyfury versions from 0.1.0 through 0.10.3: allows arbitrary code execution. An application is vulnerable if it reads pyfory serialized data from untrusted sources. An attacker can craft a data stream that selects pickle-fallback serializer during deserialization, leading to the execution of `pickle.loads`, which is vulnerable to remote code execution. Users are recommended to upgrade to pyfory version 0.12.3 or later, which has removed pickle fallback serializer and thus fixes this issue.

    Published:1 Oct 2025
    9.3
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61584

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    serverless-dns is a RethinkDNS resolver that deploys to Cloudflare Workers, Deno Deploy, Fastly, and Fly.io. Versions through abd including 0.1.30 have a vulnerability where the pr.yml GitHub Action interpolates in an unsafe manner untrusted input, specifically the github.event.pull_request.head.repo.clone_url and github.head_ref, to a command in the runner. Due to the action using the pull_request_target trigger it has permissive permissions by default. An unauthorized attacker can exploit this vulnerability to push arbitrary data to the repository. The subsequent impact on the end-user is executing the attackers' code when running serverless-dns. This is fixed in commit c5537dd, and expected to be released in 0.1.31.

    Published:30 Sept 2025
    9.8
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61506

    Last Modified: 11 Feb 2026

    An issue was discovered in MediaCrush thru 1.0.1 allowing remote unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files of any size to the /upload endpoint.

    Published:3 Feb 2026
    6.5
    Medium

    CVE-2025-61505

    Last Modified: 3 Feb 2026

    e107 CMS thru 2.3.3 are vulnerable to insecure deserialization in the `install.php` script. The script processes user-controlled input in the `previous_steps` POST parameter using `unserialize(base64_decode())` without validation, allowing attackers to craft malicious serialized data. This could lead to remote code execution, arbitrary file operations, or denial of service, depending on available PHP object gadgets in the codebase.

    Published:10 Oct 2025
    10
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61481

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    An issue in MikroTik RouterOS v.7.14.2 and SwOS v.2.18 exposes the WebFig management interface over cleartext HTTP by default, allowing an on-path attacker to execute injected JavaScript in the administrator’s browser and intercept credentials.

    Published:27 Oct 2025
    6.1
    Medium

    CVE-2025-61456

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    A Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in Bhabishya-123 E-commerce 1.0, specifically within the index endpoint. Unsanitized input in the /index parameter is directly reflected back into the response HTML, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the browser of a user who visits a malicious link or submits a crafted request.

    Published:20 Oct 2025
    9.8
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61455

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    SQL Injection vulnerability exists in Bhabishya-123 E-commerce 1.0, specifically within the signup.inc.php endpoint. The application directly incorporates unsanitized user inputs into SQL queries, allowing unauthenticated attackers to bypass authentication and gain full access.

    Published:20 Oct 2025
    6.1
    Medium

    CVE-2025-61454

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    A Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in Bhabishya-123 E-commerce 1.0, specifically within the search endpoint. Unsanitized input in the /search parameter is directly reflected back into the response HTML, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the browser of a user who visits a malicious link or submits a crafted request.

    Published:20 Oct 2025
    6.1
    Medium

    CVE-2025-61319

    Last Modified: 16 Jan 2026

    ReNgine thru 2.2.0 is vulnerable to a Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Vulnerabilities module. When scanning a target with an XSS payload, the unsanitized payload is rendered in the ReNgine web UI, resulting in arbitrary JavaScript execution in the victim's browser. This can be abused to steal session cookies, perform unauthorized actions, or compromise the ReNgine administrator's account.

    Published:10 Oct 2025
    9.8
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61304

    Last Modified: 8 Jan 2026

    OS command injection vulnerability in Dynatrace ActiveGate ping extension up to 1.016 via crafted ip address.

    Published:5 Nov 2025
    9.8
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61303

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    Hatching Triage Sandbox Windows 10 build 2004 (2025-08-14) and Windows 10 LTSC 2021(2025-08-14) contains a vulnerability in its Windows behavioral analysis engine that allows a submitted malware sample to evade detection and cause denial-of-analysis. The vulnerability is triggered when a sample recursively spawns a large number of child processes, generating high log volume and exhausting system resources. As a result, key malicious behavior, including PowerShell execution and reverse shell activity, may not be recorded or reported, misleading analysts and compromising the integrity and availability of sandboxed analysis results.

    Published:20 Oct 2025
    7.5
    High

    CVE-2025-61301

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    Denial-of-analysis in reporting/mongodb.py and reporting/jsondump.py in CAPEv2 (commit 52e4b43, on 2025-05-17) allows attackers who can submit samples to cause incomplete or missing behavioral analysis reports by generating deeply nested or oversized behavior data that trigger MongoDB BSON limits or orjson recursion errors when the sample executes in the sandbox.

    Published:20 Oct 2025
    Unknown

    CVE-2025-61299

    https://github.com/GovindPalakkal/CVE-2025-61299_POC

    9.8
    Critical

    CVE-2025-61246

    Last Modified: 16 Jan 2026

    indieka900 online-shopping-system-php 1.0 is vulnerable to SQL Injection in master/review_action.php via the proId parameter.

    Published:8 Jan 2026
    8.4
    High

    CVE-2025-61229

    Last Modified: 8 Dec 2025

    An issue in Shirt Pocket's SuperDuper! 3.10 and earlier allow a local attacker to modify the default task template to execute an arbitrary preflight script with root privileges and Full Disk Access, thus bypassing macOS privacy controls.

    Published:1 Dec 2025
    7.8
    High

    CVE-2025-61228

    Last Modified: 5 Dec 2025

    An issue in Shirt Pocket SuperDuper! V.3.10 and before allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the software update mechanism

    Published:1 Dec 2025
    6.1
    Medium

    CVE-2025-61183

    Last Modified: 10 Oct 2025

    Cross Site Scripting in vaahcms v.2.3.1 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via upload method in the storeAvatar() method of UserBase.php

    Published:8 Oct 2025
    7.8
    High

    CVE-2025-61156

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    Incorrect access control in the kernel driver of ThreatFire System Monitor v4.7.0.53 allows attackers to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary commands via an insecure IOCTL.

    Published:29 Oct 2025
    5.5
    Medium

    CVE-2025-61155

    Last Modified: 15 Apr 2026

    The GameDriverX64.sys kernel-mode anti-cheat driver (v7.23.4.7 and earlier) contains an access control vulnerability in one of its IOCTL handlers. A user-mode process can open a handle to the driver device and send specially crafted IOCTL requests. These requests are executed in kernel-mode context without proper authentication or access validation, allowing the attacker to terminate arbitrary processes, including critical system and security services, without requiring administrative privileges.

    Published:28 Oct 2025
    6.5
    Medium

    CVE-2025-61148

    Last Modified: 16 Dec 2025

    An Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the EduplusCampus 3.0.1 Student Payment API allows authenticated users to access other students personal and financial records by modifying the 'rec_no' parameter in the /student/get-receipt endpoint.

    Published:4 Dec 2025
    Unknown

    CVE-2025-60910

    https://github.com/Mp-97/CVE-2025-60910

    8.3
    High

    CVE-2025-60880

    Last Modified: 8 Jan 2026

    An authenticated stored XSS vulnerability exists in the Bagisto 2.3.6 admin panel's product creation path, allowing an attacker to upload a crafted SVG file containing malicious JavaScript code. This vulnerability can be exploited by an authenticated admin user to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the browser, potentially leading to session hijacking, data theft, or unauthorized actions.

    Published:10 Oct 2025
    6.5
    Medium

    CVE-2025-60876

    Last Modified: 2 Jun 2026

    BusyBox wget thru 1.3.7 accepted raw CR (0x0D)/LF (0x0A) and other C0 control bytes in the HTTP request-target (path/query), allowing the request line to be split and attacker-controlled headers to be injected. To preserve the HTTP/1.1 request-line shape METHOD SP request-target SP HTTP/1.1, a raw space (0x20) in the request-target must also be rejected (clients should use %20).

    Published:10 Nov 2025
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