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    CVE-2025-13909

    The system accepts authentication requests without sufficient validation to enforce tenant isolation when using Email OTP, SMS OTP, or Magic Link as first-factor authenticators. This failure to adequately separate user data between tenants can lead to the exposure of personally identifiable information. Successful exploitation allows an attacker to disclose personally identifiable information of users in different tenants, resulting in privacy violations and potential regulatory non-compliance. This may include unauthorized access to user details such as mobile numbers.

    Published:Aug 6, 2026
    Last Modified:Aug 7, 2026
    EPS:Aug 6, 2026
    EPSS Score:0.00201
    CVSS Score:4.3

    Affected Products

    Vendor
    Wso2
    Product
    Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework
    Vendor
    Wso2
    Product
    Email Otp Authenticator
    Vendor
    Wso2
    Product
    Identity Server
    Vendor
    Wso2
    Product
    Wso2 Carbon Abstract Otp Authenticator
    Vendor
    Wso2
    Product
    Wso2 Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework
    Vendor
    Wso2
    Product
    Wso2 Carbon Magiclink Authenticator Module
    Vendor
    Wso2
    Product
    Wso2 Identity Server

    Exploits

    No exploit reference

    Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

    CAPEC-10 Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
    CAPEC-101 Server Side Include (SSI) Injection
    CAPEC-104 Cross Zone Scripting
    CAPEC-108 Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
    CAPEC-109 Object Relational Mapping Injection
    CAPEC-110 SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter Tampering
    CAPEC-116 Excavation
    CAPEC-120 Double Encoding
    CAPEC-13 Subverting Environment Variable Values
    CAPEC-135 Format String Injection
    CAPEC-136 LDAP Injection
    CAPEC-14 Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow
    CAPEC-153 Input Data Manipulation
    CAPEC-169 Footprinting
    CAPEC-182 Flash Injection
    CAPEC-209 XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch
    CAPEC-22 Exploiting Trust in Client
    CAPEC-224 Fingerprinting
    CAPEC-23 File Content Injection
    CAPEC-230 Serialized Data with Nested Payloads
    CAPEC-231 Oversized Serialized Data Payloads
    CAPEC-24 Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow
    CAPEC-250 XML Injection
    CAPEC-261 Fuzzing for garnering other adjacent user/sensitive data
    CAPEC-267 Leverage Alternate Encoding
    CAPEC-28 Fuzzing
    CAPEC-285 ICMP Echo Request Ping
    CAPEC-287 TCP SYN Scan
    CAPEC-290 Enumerate Mail Exchange (MX) Records
    CAPEC-291 DNS Zone Transfers
    CAPEC-292 Host Discovery
    CAPEC-293 Traceroute Route Enumeration
    CAPEC-294 ICMP Address Mask Request
    CAPEC-295 Timestamp Request
    CAPEC-296 ICMP Information Request
    CAPEC-297 TCP ACK Ping
    CAPEC-298 UDP Ping
    CAPEC-299 TCP SYN Ping
    CAPEC-3 Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters
    CAPEC-300 Port Scanning
    CAPEC-301 TCP Connect Scan
    CAPEC-302 TCP FIN Scan
    CAPEC-303 TCP Xmas Scan
    CAPEC-304 TCP Null Scan
    CAPEC-305 TCP ACK Scan
    CAPEC-306 TCP Window Scan
    CAPEC-307 TCP RPC Scan
    CAPEC-308 UDP Scan
    CAPEC-309 Network Topology Mapping
    CAPEC-31 Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
    CAPEC-310 Scanning for Vulnerable Software
    CAPEC-312 Active OS Fingerprinting
    CAPEC-313 Passive OS Fingerprinting
    CAPEC-317 IP ID Sequencing Probe
    CAPEC-318 IP 'ID' Echoed Byte-Order Probe
    CAPEC-319 IP (DF) 'Don't Fragment Bit' Echoing Probe
    CAPEC-320 TCP Timestamp Probe
    CAPEC-321 TCP Sequence Number Probe
    CAPEC-322 TCP (ISN) Greatest Common Divisor Probe
    CAPEC-323 TCP (ISN) Counter Rate Probe
    CAPEC-324 TCP (ISN) Sequence Predictability Probe
    CAPEC-325 TCP Congestion Control Flag (ECN) Probe
    CAPEC-326 TCP Initial Window Size Probe
    CAPEC-327 TCP Options Probe
    CAPEC-328 TCP 'RST' Flag Checksum Probe
    CAPEC-329 ICMP Error Message Quoting Probe
    CAPEC-330 ICMP Error Message Echoing Integrity Probe
    CAPEC-42 MIME Conversion
    CAPEC-43 Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
    CAPEC-45 Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
    CAPEC-46 Overflow Variables and Tags
    CAPEC-47 Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion
    CAPEC-472 Browser Fingerprinting
    CAPEC-473 Signature Spoof
    CAPEC-497 File Discovery
    CAPEC-508 Shoulder Surfing
    CAPEC-52 Embedding NULL Bytes
    CAPEC-53 Postfix, Null Terminate, and Backslash
    CAPEC-573 Process Footprinting
    CAPEC-574 Services Footprinting
    CAPEC-575 Account Footprinting
    CAPEC-576 Group Permission Footprinting
    CAPEC-577 Owner Footprinting
    CAPEC-588 DOM-Based XSS
    CAPEC-59 Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
    CAPEC-60 Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
    CAPEC-616 Establish Rogue Location
    CAPEC-63 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
    CAPEC-64 Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
    CAPEC-643 Identify Shared Files/Directories on System
    CAPEC-646 Peripheral Footprinting
    CAPEC-651 Eavesdropping
    CAPEC-664 Server Side Request Forgery
    CAPEC-67 String Format Overflow in syslog()
    CAPEC-7 Blind SQL Injection
    CAPEC-71 Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic
    CAPEC-72 URL Encoding
    CAPEC-73 User-Controlled Filename
    CAPEC-78 Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding
    CAPEC-79 Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding
    CAPEC-8 Buffer Overflow in an API Call
    CAPEC-80 Using UTF-8 Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic
    CAPEC-81 Web Server Logs Tampering
    CAPEC-83 XPath Injection
    CAPEC-85 AJAX Footprinting
    CAPEC-88 OS Command Injection
    CAPEC-9 Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities

    Common Vulnerability Scoring System

    Attack Vector
    Network
    Adjacent
    Local
    Physical
    Privileges Required
    None
    Low
    High
    User Interaction
    None
    Required
    Scope
    Unchanged
    Changed
    Confidentiality
    None
    Low
    High
    Integrity
    None
    Low
    High
    Availability
    None
    Low
    High